The Ammunition

• The Round
• Components

Ballistics

• Acceleration in the Gun Tube
• Muzzle Exit
• Interior Ballistics
  Calculator
• Exterior Ballistics
  Firing Table Calculator

Perforation of Finite Targets

• Penetration Process
• Perforation Limit
• Governing Parameters
• Working Length
• Perforation Equation

Penetration in Semi-Infinite Targets

• Semi-infinite Targets
• Penetration Equation

Penetration and Perforation Calculations

• The Calculator

Applications

• Optimum Velocity
• Max. Perforation with a given Gun System

Covid-19 Case Numbers - Similarity with Penetration

• General Equation
• Case Numbers in Switzerland

Papers

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Perforation Limit

A finite target perforation limit means that the projectile reaches the rear face of the target and spalling opens the penetration channel. The penetrator residue will have a length of one to one and a half diameters. In experiments the residue sticks in the exit crater or drops to the floor in the immediate vicinity of the target. The result is observable at the target site, whereas a semi-infinite target first has to be cut up laboriously. The perforation limit is primarily determined at an oblique plate.

Remaining penetrator piece after limit perforation